4 × 6 TB in RAID 5

Usable space, rebuild time and read error risk for 4 drives of 6 TB each.

4 × 6 TB drives in RAID 5 give 18 TB of usable space, which Windows shows as 16.4 TB. 6 TB goes to parity, so 75% of the 24 TB raw space is usable. The array survives one failed drive. A second failure, or an unreadable sector, before the rebuild ends can lose data.
TB

Size printed on the drive label. Different sizes? The array uses the smallest one for every drive.

Advanced settings
MB/s

Typical hard drive: 100–200 MB/s with no other load. SSD: 400 MB/s or more.

From the drive datasheet. It is a worst-case spec, so real drives usually do better.

Show capacity in
18TB usable

Array healthy
Your data Parity or mirror copy Failed drive Click a drive to make it fail.
Drawing4 × 6 TB in RAID 5
Raw24 TB
Efficiency75%

Drives that can fail

Rebuild of one drive

Read error during rebuild

Checks for this setup

The same drives in every RAID level

4 drives of 6 TB each.

LevelUsableEfficiencyDrives that can failRebuildRead error in rebuild
24 TB
100%
None
—
—
6 TB
25%
Any 3
11 h
Fixed by another copy
18 TB
75%
Any 1
11 h
13%
12 TB
50%
Any 2
11 h
Fixed by parity
12 TB
50%
1 to 2
11 h
4.7%
Needs at least 6 drives
Needs at least 8 drives

4 × 6 TB in RAID 5: the numbers

Usable space18 TB (16.4 TB in Windows)
Raw space24 TB
Used for protection6 TB
Efficiency75%
Drives that can failAny 1
Rebuild at 150 MB/s11 h
Rebuild at 50 MB/s (busy)33 h
Data read during rebuild18 TB
Read error risk, desktop drives76%
Read error risk, NAS drives13%

Rebuild

Replacing a failed drive means writing a full 6 TB drive. At 150 MB/s with no other load that takes about 11 h; on a busy array running at 50 MB/s, about 33 h. The rebuild reads every surviving drive: 18 TB in total.

Read errors

Reading 18 TB, the chance of at least one unreadable sector is 76% with desktop drives (1 per 1014 bits) and 13% with NAS drives (1 per 1015). Nothing is left to correct it, so the affected file, or on some controllers the whole rebuild, fails. These are worst-case datasheet rates; real drives usually do better.

Our take

With 6 TB drives the rebuild is short enough that RAID 5 is a reasonable choice, as long as anything you cannot replace is also backed up elsewhere. RAID 10 with the same drives gives 12 TB, faster writes and shorter rebuilds.

Similar setups

All RAID 5 setups

Usable space in TB. Pick a cell for the full numbers.
Drives2 TB4 TB6 TB8 TB10 TB12 TB14 TB16 TB18 TB20 TB22 TB24 TB
3 drives4812162024283236404448
4 drives61218243036424854606672
5 drives81624324048566472808896
6 drives102030405060708090100110120
7 drives1224364860728496108120132144
8 drives14284256708498112126140154168